MEL PICBASIC Forum - Serial EEPROM Part #1

  • Serial EEPROM Part #1

    by
    mackrackit
    Published on - 27th May 2010 02:01      Number of Views: 14199  
    This is an effort to help users understand how the I2C command works by comparing it with SHIFTIN/SHIFTOUT. A serial EEPROM, 24FC1025 will be used in the example.


    A while back I was trying to help someone with a 24FC1025 and I was having problems with PBP I2C so I decided to work with the part the "old fashioned" way using SHIFTIN and SHIFTOUT. Turns out my problem was using an analog pin on the PIC without setting it to digital. Yes, a typical mistake, not always made by newbies.

    Many devices are interfaced via I2C, they can also be interfaced via SHIFTIN/SHIFTOUT. Either way an understanding of the part is needed. That is where the data sheet comes in.

    First, compare the two figures below. The fisrt one is from the PBP manual showing a time line of the SHIFT sequence. The second is from the EEPROM data sheet showing the data transfer sequence. Similar ???



    From the data sheet look at figure 6.1. This shows the sequence of events to write a BYTE of data to the EEPROM.

    The first thing we do is put the EEPROM in a START condition. This is done by holding the EEPROM clock pin HIGH and toggleing the data pin High to LOW. The I2C command does this for us.
    Code:
    HIGH CPIN:HIGH DPIN:LOW DPIN
    Next the control byte is sent. This has to be done when using I2C also.
    Bits 7-4 are the control code for this EEPROM. "1010"
    Bit 3 is is for selecting the memory block, this EEPROM is divided into to parts. This example is using the lower half. "0"
    Bits 2-1 are for addressing. Up to four EEPROM can be used on the same bus. In this example both pins A1 and A2 are pulled LOW. "00"
    Bit 0 selects Read or Write mode. "0" for Write, "1" for Read. PBP's I2C command will set this bit for us, leave as "0"

    When the EEPROM receives the control byte it will then send an ACKnowledge bit to the MCU. Then the High byte of the EEPROM address can be sent, this will be followed by another ACK from the EEPROM. The LOW byte of the address is sent next, with the EEPROM sending an ACK again.
    In the below code the above is all in the "INT_ROM:" routine. PBP I2C will take care of the ACKs.

    Now a BYTE of data can be sent to the EEPROM, when the data is received by the EEPROM it will send an ACK to the MCU. The MCU will then send a STOP condition to the EEPROM letting it know to start writing the data. Again, the I2C command does this for us.
    Code:
    HIGH CPIN:LOW  DPIN:HIGH DPIN
    Below are two programs, one using I2C and the other using the SHIFT method described above, both programs do the same thing. Hopefully by comparing the two along with the data sheet and the above text you will have a better understanding of how the I2C command works.

    Part #2 will talk about WORD and page writes to the EEPROM.

    Code:
    '  18F6680  24FC1025
'912 BYTES
    DEFINE OSC 20
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG1H, _OSC_HS_1H
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG2H, _WDT_OFF_2H & _WDTPS_128_2H
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG4L, _LVP_OFF_4L
    DEFINE LCD_DREG     PORTG
    define LCD_DBIT     0
    DEFINE LCD_RSREG    PORTE
    DEFINE LCD_RSBIT    0
    DEFINE LCD_EREG     PORTE
    DEFINE LCD_EBIT     1
    DEFINE LCD_BITS     4
    DEFINE LCD_LINES    4
    DEFINE LCD_COMMANDUS    3000
    DEFINE LCD_DATAUS   150
    
    DPIN    VAR PORTB.2    'I2C DATA PIN
    CPIN    VAR PORTB.1    'I2C CLOCK PIN
    ADDR    VAR WORD
    DATI    VAR BYTE
    DATO    VAR BYTE
    
    START2:  ADDR = 0 : DATO = 0
    For ADDR = 0 To 15    
    DATO = DATO + 2            
    I2CWRITE DPIN,CPIN,$A0,ADDR,[DATO]  
    Pause 10                
    Next ADDR
    Pause 100   
                 
    ADDR = 0
    For ADDR = 0 To 15     
    I2CREAD DPIN,CPIN,$A0,ADDR,[DATI]       
    lcdout $FE,1,"DATI ",DEC DATI
    lcdout $FE,$C0,"ADDR ",DEC ADDR
    PAUSE 250
    Next ADDR

    GOTO START2
    Code:
    '  18F6680  24FC1025
'1216 BYTES
    DEFINE OSC 20
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG1H, _OSC_HS_1H
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG2H, _WDT_OFF_2H & _WDTPS_128_2H
    @ __CONFIG    _CONFIG4L, _LVP_OFF_4L
    DEFINE LCD_DREG     PORTG
    define LCD_DBIT     0
    DEFINE LCD_RSREG    PORTE
    DEFINE LCD_RSBIT    0
    DEFINE LCD_EREG     PORTE
    DEFINE LCD_EBIT     1
    DEFINE LCD_BITS     4
    DEFINE LCD_LINES    4
    DEFINE LCD_COMMANDUS    3000
    DEFINE LCD_DATAUS   150
    
    DPIN    VAR PORTB.2    'I2C DATA PIN
    CPIN    VAR PORTB.1    'I2C CLOCK PIN
    ADDR_HB    VAR BYTE
    ADDR_LB    VAR BYTE
    ADDR_HB = 0
    ADDR_LB = 0
    CONT1   CON %10100001  'READ CONTROL
    CONT0   CON %10100000  'WRITE CONTROL
    ACK     VAR BIT
    DATI    VAR BYTE
    DATO    VAR BYTE
    
    START:     DATO = 0
    WRITE_DATA:
    For ADDR_LB = 1 To 15   
    DATO = DATO + 2         
    GOSUB INT_ROM
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[DATO\8,%1\1]      
    GOSUB STOP_ROM
    PAUSE 10
    NEXT ADDR_LB

    READ_DATA: 
    For ADDR_LB = 0 To 15 
    GOSUB INT_ROM
    GOSUB START_ROM
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[CONT1]
    SHIFTIN DPIN,CPIN,0,[ACK\1,DATI\8]
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[%1\1]
    GOSUB STOP_ROM
    lcdout $FE,1,"DATI ",DEC DATI
    lcdout $FE,$C0,"ADDR ",DEC ADDR_LB
    PAUSE 250
    NEXT ADDR_LB
    GOTO START
    
    INT_ROM:
    GOSUB START_ROM
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[CONT0]
    SHIFTIN DPIN,CPIN,0,[ACK\1]
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[ADDR_HB]
    SHIFTIN DPIN,CPIN,0,[ACK\1]
    SHIFTOUT DPIN,CPIN,1,[ADDR_LB]
    SHIFTIN DPIN,CPIN,0,[ACK\1]
    RETURN
    
    START_ROM:
    HIGH CPIN:HIGH DPIN:LOW DPIN:RETURN
   
    STOP_ROM:
    HIGH CPIN:LOW DPIN:HIGH DPIN:RETURN