Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

**wdmagic** · - 26th January 2013, 07:30

yes yours would still blink, because your controlling the primary fet's on off state with individual I/O's, and controlling a single secondary fet that just controls brightness for all blinking leds. say you set the brightness to 50%, then every led that blinks will be at 50% of its brightness, and you can change the brightness even in the middle of a blink.

Heres a basic, very basic program to do similar
this blinks the leds randomly 50% of the time, and you can randomize the brightness too.

Code:

'*  Date    : 1/26/2013                                         *
'*  Version : 1.0                                               *
'*  Notes   : 12F683 Christmas Light Sample                     *
'*          :                                                   *
'****************************************************************
DEFINE ADC_BITS 10 ' A/D number of bits
DEFINE ADC_CLOCK 1 ' Use A/D internal RC clock
DEFINE ADC_SAMPLEUS 50 ' Set sampling time in us

RES1 Var Word ' A/D converter result
RND1 VAR WORD ' Random Result for Light #1
RND2 VAR WORD ' Random Result for Light #2
RND3 VAR WORD ' Random Result for Light #3
  
TRISIO.0 = 1 ' AN0 is input for Setting Brightness
TRISIO.2 = 0 ' PWM1 is output for Dimming FET

TRISIO.1 = 0 ' LED1 FET
TRISIO.4 = 0 ' LED2 FET
TRISIO.5 = 0 ' LED3 FET

AGAIN:
ADCIN 0, Res1 ' Read Channel 0 data
'Optional replace ACDIN with (RANDOM RES1)
res1 = res1 / 256
HPWM 1, res1, 1000 ' Outputs a PWM @ 1khz w/ 256 Steps

'Insert Code for turning LED's on or off here
RAndom RND1
Random rnd2
Random rnd3
if rnd1 > 32000 then 
GPIO.1 = 1 
else 
GPIO.1 = 0
endif
if rnd1 > 32000 then 
GPIO.4 = 1 
else 
GPIO.4 = 0
endif
if rnd1 > 32000 then 
GPIO.5 = 1 
else 
GPIO.5 = 0
endif

pause 100
goto again
end

**RossWaddell** · - 29th January 2013, 21:28

I've managed to incorporate both Darrel's blinking routine and his SPWM_INT module into the same project - the idea as it stands now is to feed each blink pin and corresponding PWM (brightness control) pin into 2 FETs connected together (source to drain in a chain). This would mean, though, that for for the 7 blinking LEDs I'll be using 14 pins on this chip and 2 FETs per blinking LED (14 in total). That's better than not having brightness control, for sure, but is there a way to combine this functionality in code?

Here's what I have so far:

Code:

' PIC16F88

' Basic blinky code provided by Darrel Taylor
' See forum posting here:
' http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=17299&p=116934#post116934

#DEFINE USE_LCD_FOR_DEBUG     ; comment out for non-debug use

DEFINE OSC 20                ; Set oscillator 20Mhz
DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100        ; 10mS periods

' ***************************************************************
' Device Fuses
' ***************************************************************
' PIC chip data sheets can be found here: C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPASM Suite
 
#CONFIG
   __config _CONFIG1, _FOSC_HS & _WDTE_ON & _PWRTE_ON & _MCLRE_OFF & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF & _LVP_OFF
#ENDCONFIG

' ***************************************************************
' Initialization
' ***************************************************************

;OSCCON   = %01100000         ; 4MHz internal osc (not needed when using ext crystal)
pause 100

ANSEL    = 0                 ; Digital only
TRISA    = 0                 ; PORTA all output
TRISB    = %00000001         ; Make PORTB pin 0 input for flash mode button
 
OPTION_REG.6 = 1             ; 1=Rising edge (default) or button "PRESS";
                             ; 0=Falling edge or button "RELEASE"

LEDcount    CON 7                        ; Number of blinking LEDs on PORTA
                                         ;(includes running lights, which are
                                         ; defined separately below)
'                 BL1,BL2,BL3,BL4,BL5,STB
OnTimes     DATA  50 ,22 ,38 ,75 ,17 , 2 ; default "on" periods for each output
OffTimes    DATA 150 ,45 ,38 ,95 ,22 ,48 ; default "off" periods for each output

                                         ; (Strobe flashes 2 times per second
                                         ; or every 500ms; subtract "on" time)
 
FlashMode_Default CON  0
EE_FlashMode      DATA FlashMode_Default
FlashMode         VAR  BYTE
READ EE_FlashMode, FlashMode
                                         
;----------------------------------------------------------------
#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE           ; comment for contiuous Sequence
#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE            ; randomization used for BL1-5 only
    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 15                    ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 115                   ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 15                    ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 200                   ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount-3]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 1750, WORD 2000
#ENDIF

CCPR1val      CON EXT      : @CCPR1val = (OSC*1000000/4)/ BLINKYFREQ
;CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L
;Timer1        VAR WORD EXT : @Timer1 = TMR1L
CCPIF         VAR PIR1.2

LoopLED       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OnTime        VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OffTime       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
x             VAR BYTE

Old_FlashMode           VAR BYTE
PRI_HULL_LGHTS_ON_MS    VAR BYTE
PRI_HULL_LGHTS_OFF_MS   VAR BYTE

#IFDEF USE_LCD_FOR_DEBUG
    LCD_PIN    VAR PORTA.4   ' Alias PORTA.4 as "LCD_PIN"
    LCD_INST   CON 254       ' instruction
    LCD_CLR    CON 1         ' Clear screen
    LCD_L1     CON 128       ' LCD line 1
    LCD_L2     CON 192       ' LCD line 2
    LCD_BAUD   CON 16780     ' Baud rate/mode for ILM-216 2x16 character display
    LCD_PACE   CON 1         ' Optional pace value
#ENDIF

' ***************************************************************
' Includes
' ***************************************************************

INCLUDE "DT_INTS-14.bas"    ' DT's base Interrupt System
INCLUDE "ReEnterPBP.bas"    ' Include if using PBP interrupts
                            ' --> copy both files to PBP main folder
                            ' (i.e. c:\pbp3)

INCLUDE "SPWM_INT.bas"      ; DT's software PWM module

DEFINE SPWM_FREQ  200       ; SPWM Frequency
DEFINE SPWM_RES   256       ; SPWM Resolution

DutyVars   VAR BYTE[3]              ; DutyCycle Variables
  DutyVar1 VAR DutyVars[0]          ; group them in an array for easy access
  DutyVar2 VAR DutyVars[1]          ; with FOR loops etc.
  DutyVar3 VAR DutyVars[2]

ASM
SPWM_LIST  macro                    ; Define Pin's to use for SPWM
     SPWM_PIN  PORTA, 0, _DutyVar1  ; and the associated DutyCycle variables
     SPWM_PIN  PORTA, 1, _DutyVar2  ; Notice the underscore before variables
     SPWM_PIN  PORTA, 2, _DutyVar3
  endm
  SPWM_INIT  SPWM_LIST              ; Initialize the Pins
ENDASM

DutyVar1 = 7
DutyVar2 = 25
DutyVar3 = 255

;-- Place a copy of these variables in your Main program -------------------
;--   The compiler will tell you which lines to un-comment                --
;--   Do Not un-comment these lines                                       --
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
;wsave   VAR BYTE    $20     SYSTEM      ' location for W if in bank0
wsave   VAR BYTE    $70     SYSTEM      ' alternate save location for W 
                                         ' if using $70, comment wsave1-3

' --- IF any of these three lines cause an error ?? ------------------------
'       Comment them out to fix the problem ----
' -- Which variables are needed, depends on the Chip you are using -- 
;wsave1  VAR BYTE    $A0     SYSTEM      ' location for W if in bank1
;wsave2  VAR BYTE    $120    SYSTEM      ' location for W if in bank2
;wsave3  VAR BYTE    $1A0    SYSTEM      ' location for W if in bank3
' --------------------------------------------------------------------------

' ***************************************************************
' ASM Interrupt Definitions
' ***************************************************************                                                             

ASM
INT_LIST  macro    ; IntSource,            Label,  Type, ResetFlag?
        INT_Handler    INT_INT,  _Flash_Mode_Btn,   PBP,  yes
        INT_Handler   TMR1_INT,      SPWMhandler,   ASM,  yes
  endm
  INT_CREATE     ; Creates the interrupt processor
ENDASM

' ***************************************************************

;----[Initialize on/off periods & random sequencing (if enabled)]---------------
;    (only randomize first 5 blinkies; 6th is strobe which must remaing constant)
;    (running lights (7th) are set up separately)
FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount - 2)           ; Load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        IF x < 5 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;-- setup CCP1 and Start Timer1 --
CCPR1   = CCPR1val          ; set compare value
CCP1CON = %00001011         ; compare mode, special event 
Timer1  = 0                 ; clear Timer1
T1CON.0 = 1                 ; start Timer1

Old_FlashMode = FlashMode   ; Set initial value for comparator var
GOSUB SetNavLtsFlashRates   ; Set up flash rates based on saved "FlashMode" val

' Enable interrupt
INTCON   = %10010000        ; Global int enabled, INTE enabled, IOCI enabled, 
                            ; INTF flag bit 0 clr, IOCI flag bit 0 clr
INTCON.1 = 0                ; Clear RB0/INT External Interrupt Flag

@ INT_ENABLE   INT_INT      ; INT/Ext Interrupt
@ INT_ENABLE  TMR1_INT      ; enable Timer1 interrupts

#IFDEF USE_LCD_FOR_DEBUG
    serout2 LCD_PIN, LCD_BAUD, LCD_PACE, [LCD_INST, LCD_CLR]     ; clear screen
    pause 5
    serout2 LCD_PIN, LCD_BAUD, LCD_PACE, ["FlashMode:", DEC FlashMode, "     "]
#ENDIF

;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main: 
    ' Check if flash mode has changed
    IF FlashMode <> Old_FlashMode Then
        Old_FlashMode = FlashMode
        GOSUB SetNavLtsFlashRates
    EndIF 

    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    PORTB.1(x) = !!(LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x))
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        IF x < 5 THEN
            RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
            IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
                READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
                RANDOM RND
                OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON 
                OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
            ENDIF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF
    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !CCPIF THEN Waiting
    CCPIF = 0
GOTO Main

SetNavLtsFlashRates:
    If FlashMode = 0 Then
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_ON_MS = 150
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_OFF_MS = 50    
    ElseIf FlashMode = 1 Then
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_ON_MS = 50
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_OFF_MS = 150      
    Else
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_ON_MS = 75
        PRI_HULL_LGHTS_OFF_MS = 83        
    EndIf

    OnTime(6)  = PRI_HULL_LGHTS_ON_MS
    OffTime(6) = PRI_HULL_LGHTS_OFF_MS

    #IFDEF USE_LCD_FOR_DEBUG
        serout2 LCD_PIN, LCD_BAUD, LCD_PACE, [LCD_INST, LCD_CLR]     ; clear screen
        pause 5
        serout2 LCD_PIN, LCD_BAUD, LCD_PACE, ["FlashMode:", DEC FlashMode, "     "]
    #ENDIF

    RETURN
END

' ***************************************************************
' [INT - interrupt handler]
' ***************************************************************
Flash_Mode_Btn:
    ' Toggle flash mode between the 3 values (0, 1 or 2)
    FlashMode = FlashMode + 1
    If FlashMode > 2 Then FlashMode = 0
    
    ' Save selected running light flash mode
    WRITE EE_FlashMode, FlashMode
    PAUSE 100

    INTCON.1  = 0    ' Clear RB0/INT External Interrupt Flag
@ INT_RETURN

**RossWaddell** · - 30th January 2013, 00:09

UPDATE: The code compiles just fine, but now PWM output on PORTA.0-2 is observed. Sigh.

**RossWaddell** · - 31st January 2013, 12:34

Originally Posted by RossWaddell

UPDATE: The code compiles just fine, but now PWM output on PORTA.0-2 is observed. Sigh.

I meant to say **no** PWM output on pins PORTA.0-2 is observed; the pins are held low and the LEDs don't blink with the daisy chain FET approach.

Looks like I'll have to use 2 PICS: one for the blink stuff developed by Darrel, and one to control the brightness via PWM.

**RossWaddell** · - 26th March 2014, 01:39

(Reviving an old thread)

I now need to simplify this a bit and put this on a 8-pin PIC. I need 5 blinkies so I'd like to use a 12F629 (knowing GP3/MCLR is input only, I'll use GP0-GP5 and if nothing happens on GP3 then that's fine).

The code won't compile because of this part:

Code:

;-- setup CCP1 and Start Timer1 --
CCPR1   = CCPR1val          ; set compare value
CCP1CON = %00001011         ; compare mode, special event 
Timer1  = 0                 ; clear Timer1
T1CON.0 = 1                 ; start Timer1

These registers exist on a 16F690 (and others) but not 12F629. I had earlier tried a 12F683 (my go-to PIC) but the .inc file for it already has a define for CCPR1 so I'd have to comment out that line in the .inc file but that makes me a wee bit uncomfortable.

Is there a way to make this work on a 12F690 or 12F683? If not, is there another 8-pin PIC I could use? I need to be able to find SMT packages as the space where the PCB is going is extremely tight (I've never soldered SMTs before so that should be fun).

Here's the whole code:

Code:

'****************************************************************
'*  Name    : Nacelle_Blinking_Lights_5_12F629_4Mhz_Int.pbp     *
'*  Author  : Ross A. Waddell                                   *
'****************************************************************


' For production version of this code, update config fuses to 
' enable code protect on

' Basic blinky code provided by Darrel Taylor
' See forum posting here:
' http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=17299&p=116934#post116934

' ***************************************************************
' Pin Connections
' ***************************************************************

' GP5    -> pin 2             -> R4 -> BL4
' GP4    -> pin 3             -> R5 -> BL5
' GP3    -> pin 4             -> MCLR (input only, 'dummy' BL6)
' GP2    -> pin 5             -> R1 -> BL1
' GP1    -> pin 6             -> R2 -> BL2
' GP0    -> pin 7             -> R3 -> BL3

' ***************************************************************
' Initialization
' ***************************************************************

DEFINE OSC 4             ' Set oscillator 4Mhz

DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100    ' 10mS periods

CMCON    = %0000111	     'Turn off comparators
TRISIO   = %00000000	 'Make all GPIO pins output

' ***************************************************************
' Device Fuses
' ***************************************************************
' PIC chip data sheets can be found here: C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPASM Suite
      
#CONFIG
       __config _INTRC_OSC_NOCLKOUT & _WDT_ON & _PWRTE_ON & _MCLRE_OFF & _BODEN_ON & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF
#ENDCONFIG

LEDcount    CON 6            ; Number of blinking LEDs
                             ; (includes 'fummy' LED on GP3/MCLR pin, 
                             ; rates defined separately below)
                                         
'                 BL3,BL2,BL1,BL6,BL5,BL4
'                 --- --- --- --- --- ---
' default "on" periods for each output
OnTimes     DATA  50 ,82 ,50 ,33 ,133, 2
' default "off" periods for each output
OffTimes    DATA 150 ,45 ,50 ,33 ,22 ,48

;----------------------------------------------------------------
#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE           ; comment for contiuous Sequence
#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE            
    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 33                    ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 100                   ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 33                    ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 100                   ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 500, WORD 2000, WORD 2000
#ENDIF

CCPR1val      CON EXT      : @CCPR1val = (OSC*1000000/4)/ BLINKYFREQ
CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L
Timer1        VAR WORD EXT : @Timer1 = TMR1L
CCPIF         VAR PIR1.2

LoopLED       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OnTime        VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OffTime       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
x             VAR BYTE

' ***************************************************************

;----[Initialize on/off periods & random sequencing (if enabled)]---------------
FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount)           ; Load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        IF x < 5 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;-- setup CCP1 and Start Timer1 --
CCPR1   = CCPR1val          ; set compare value
CCP1CON = %00001011         ; compare mode, special event 
Timer1  = 0                 ; clear Timer1
T1CON.0 = 1                 ; start Timer1

Main: 
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    GPIO.0(x) = !!(LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x))
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON 
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF
    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !CCPIF THEN Waiting
    CCPIF = 0
GOTO Main

**Darrel Taylor** · - 26th March 2014, 03:12

The 12F629 doesn't have a CCP module.
You'll be better off with the 12F683.

Don't comment the CCPR1 line in the .inc file. Comment the one in the blinky code.

Code:

CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L

**Amoque** · - 26th March 2014, 03:34

You might also, if I follow your intent, use an AND gate to combine PWM and I/O into one PWM modulated blinking output.

**RossWaddell** · - 26th March 2014, 11:38

Originally Posted by Darrel Taylor

The 12F629 doesn't have a CCP module.
You'll be better off with the 12F683.

Don't comment the CCPR1 line in the .inc file. Comment the one in the blinky code.

Code:

CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L

Thanks Darrel!

**RossWaddell** · - 26th March 2014, 19:34

Originally Posted by Amoque

You might also, if I follow your intent, use an AND gate to combine PWM and I/O into one PWM modulated blinking output.

Presumably I'd need 5 AND gates for the 5 outputs, right? and then connect the other input of each AND gate to a PWM from another chip?

**RossWaddell** · - 27th March 2014, 03:01

Originally Posted by Darrel Taylor

The 12F629 doesn't have a CCP module.
You'll be better off with the 12F683.

Don't comment the CCPR1 line in the .inc file. Comment the one in the blinky code.

Code:

CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L

I converted the code to use a 12F683 PIC but the LEDs come on and then stay on (although not all 5; some stay off). Is it because of the input-only GP4/MCLR?

Code:

' Basic blinky code provided by Darrel Taylor
' See forum posting here:
' http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=17299&p=116934#post116934

' ***************************************************************
' Pin Connections
' ***************************************************************

' GP5    -> pin 2             -> R4 -> BL4
' GP4    -> pin 3             -> R5 -> BL5
' GP3    -> pin 4             -> MCLR (input only, 'dummy' BL6)
' GP2    -> pin 5             -> R1 -> BL1
' GP1    -> pin 6             -> R2 -> BL2
' GP0    -> pin 7             -> R3 -> BL3

' Initialization
' ***************************************************************

DEFINE OSC 8             ' Set oscillator 8Mhz

DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100    ' 10mS periods

OSCCON   = %0111
CMCON0   = %0000111	     ' Turn off comparators
ANSEL.0  = 0             ' Digital only
ANSEL.1  = 0             ' Digital only
ANSEL.2  = 0             ' Digital only
ANSEL.3  = 0             ' Digital only
ADCON0.0 = 0             ' ADC is disabled
TRISIO   = %00000000	 ' Make all GPIO pins output

' ***************************************************************
' Device Fuses
' ***************************************************************
' PIC chip data sheets can be found here: C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPASM Suite
      
#CONFIG
       __config _INTRC_OSC_NOCLKOUT & _WDT_ON & _PWRTE_ON & _MCLRE_OFF & _BOD_ON & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF
#ENDCONFIG

LEDcount    CON 6            ; Number of blinking LEDs
                             ; (includes 'fummy' LED on GP3/MCLR pin, 
                             ; rates defined separately below)
                                         
'                 BL3,BL2,BL1,BL6,BL5,BL4
'                 --- --- --- --- --- ---
' default "on" periods for each output
OnTimes     DATA  50 ,82 ,50 ,33 ,133, 2
' default "off" periods for each output
OffTimes    DATA 150 ,45 ,50 ,33 ,22 ,48

;----------------------------------------------------------------
#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE           ; comment for contiuous Sequence
#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE            
    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 33                    ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 100                   ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 33                    ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 100                   ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 500, WORD 2000, WORD 2000
#ENDIF

CCPR1val      CON EXT      : @CCPR1val = (OSC*1000000/4)/ BLINKYFREQ
;CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L
Timer1        VAR WORD EXT : @Timer1 = TMR1L
CCPIF         VAR PIR1.2

LoopLED       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OnTime        VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
OffTime       VAR BYTE[LEDcount]
x             VAR BYTE

' ***************************************************************

;----[Initialize on/off periods & random sequencing (if enabled)]---------------
FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount)           ; Load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;-- setup CCP1 and Start Timer1 --
CCPR1   = CCPR1val          ; set compare value
CCP1CON = %00001011         ; compare mode, special event 
Timer1  = 0                 ; clear Timer1
T1CON.0 = 1                 ; start Timer1

Main: 
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    GPIO.0(x) = !!(LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x))
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON 
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF
    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !CCPIF THEN Waiting
    CCPIF = 0
GOTO Main

**Darrel Taylor** · - 27th March 2014, 03:53

On the 12F683, the CCP1IF bit is PIR1.5.
Why they have to change things all the time ... I don't know.

Code:

CCPIF         VAR PIR1.5

Both the OSCCON and CMCON0 values don't have enough digits.
added: CMCON0 won't matter cause it's still 7, but to keep things consistent ...

Code:

OSCCON   = %01110000        ' 8Mhz
CMCON0   = %00000111	    ' Turn off comparators

Not sure how this got changed, it should be ...

Code:

FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount - 1)           ; Load the periods from EEPROM

**Amoque** · - 27th March 2014, 12:36

Again, not wholly sure what your trying to do... I have trouble following someone else's code (even my own sometimes), but a PWM output tied to one input of each (yes, 5) "AND" gate, the other input to each I/O. Toggling I/O then controls modulated output. I am thinking of IR communications where a serial data stream and 38K PWM are "ANDed" for IR transmission.

**RossWaddell** · - 27th March 2014, 14:29

Originally Posted by Darrel Taylor

On the 12F683, the CCP1IF bit is PIR1.5.
Why they have to change things all the time ... I don't know.

Code:

CCPIF         VAR PIR1.5

Both the OSCCON and CMCON0 values don't have enough digits.
added: CMCON0 won't matter cause it's still 7, but to keep things consistent ...

Code:

OSCCON   = %01110000        ' 8Mhz
CMCON0   = %00000111	    ' Turn off comparators

Not sure how this got changed, it should be ...

Code:

FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount - 1)           ; Load the periods from EEPROM

Thank you SOOOO much, Darrel!

BTW, what software is that you are using to test out the code?

**RossWaddell** · - 27th March 2014, 14:33

Originally Posted by Amoque

Again, not wholly sure what your trying to do... I have trouble following someone else's code (even my own sometimes), but a PWM output tied to one input of each (yes, 5) "AND" gate, the other input to each I/O. Toggling I/O then controls modulated output. I am thinking of IR communications where a serial data stream and 38K PWM are "ANDed" for IR transmission.

I was initially intending to make the brightness of the LEDs controllable via PWM, but now the chips are moving off the main board to another PCB that will be buried deep within my model where they will only have +5V & GND wires. These boards are too small to add any other components (even SMTs) so I'll just have to breadboard them with various series-limiting resistors to get the right brightness.

Your suggestion is something I will investigate for the rest of my circuit where I do intend to provide brightness control on the main board. Right now, I'm daisy-chaining 2 NPNs which someone on SparkFun suggested but I haven't breadboarded it yet to see if it works.

**Darrel Taylor** · - 27th March 2014, 17:54

Originally Posted by RossWaddell

BTW, what software is that you are using to test out the code?

It's Proteus Design Suite from Labcenter Electronics.

Originally Posted by RossWaddell

I was initially intending to make the brightness of the LEDs controllable via PWM, ... so I'll just have to breadboard them with various series-limiting resistors to get the right brightness.

That can be done in software using MIBAM.
The blinky's timer will have to be changed, but it's doable.

**RossWaddell** · - 28th March 2014, 00:50

Spent a very happy afternoon reading up on MIBAM - can't wait to try it out (is there a later version of the .pbp code or is the v1.0 you posted on the melbas page the one I should use?).

In preparation for that, I converted the now-workiing code to use Timer2. I think that since Timer2 is 8-bit (versus 16-bit for Timer1) that I don't need to worry about using the Least Significant register as you did with Timer1 but can just use TMR2:

Code:

CCPR1val      CON EXT      : @CCPR1val = (OSC*1000000/4)/ BLINKYFREQ
;CCPR1         VAR WORD EXT : @CCPR1 = CCPR1L
Timer2        VAR WORD EXT : @Timer2 = TMR2
CCPIF         VAR PIR1.5

And then this to turn it on:

Code:

;-- setup CCP1 and Start Timer2 --
CCPR1   = CCPR1val          ; set compare value
CCP1CON = %00001011         ; compare mode, special event 
Timer2  = 0                 ; clear Timer2
T2CON.0 = 1                 ; start Timer2

Is that it?

**RossWaddell** · - 28th March 2014, 03:12

Or maybe not. The PIC12F683 data sheet seems to indicate that the Compare mode uses only Timer1, and if that's needed for MIBAM then I don't think I can use that on a PIC12F683 with this blinky code.

**Darrel Taylor** · - 28th March 2014, 04:57

One little obstacle and ... it can't be done???

The CCP with Capture mode was just a simple way to get a wide range of constant periods without interrupts/reloading timers etc.

Since it seems that you are only using the original 10mS periods, it doesn't really need that "Wide Range".
10mS periods can be generated with another Timer, and you don't need the CCP module.

In this example, I'm using Timer0 ...
MIBAM uses Timer1.

The EEPROM data labeled Brightness controls the intensity of each LED.
I have 3 LED's with 330 ohms, and 2 LED's with 100 ohms. The existing values equalized their brightness (to my eyes).

Code:

;{PIC=12F683}

#CONFIG
  __config  _INTOSCIO & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_OFF & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF & _BOD_ON & _IESO_OFF & _FCMEN_OFF
#ENDCONFIG


DEFINE OSC 8
OSCCON   = %01110000       ; 8MHz internal osc

ANSEL = 0                  ; All Digital
CMCON0 = 7
OPTION_REG = %00000110     ; Timer0 prescaler 1:128
TMR0IF   VAR INTCON.2      ; Timer0 Overflow bit
TRISIO = 0                 ; all OUTPUT

;----[ MIBAM Setup ]--------------------------------------------------------
wsave       var byte    $70     SYSTEM  ' Alternate save location for W
ssave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for STATUS register
psave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for PCLATH register

BAM_COUNT CON 5                     ; How many BAM Pins are used?
;DEFINE BAM_INFO 1
INCLUDE "MIBAM.pbp"                 ; Mirror Image BAM module

Bright  VAR BYTE[BAM_COUNT]
Br0     VAR Bright[0]
Br1     VAR Bright[1]
Br2     VAR Bright[2]
Br4     VAR Bright[3]
Br5     VAR Bright[4]

ASM
BAM_LIST  macro                     ; Define PIN's to use for BAM
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,0, Br0)          ;   and the associated Duty variables
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,1, Br1)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,2, Br2)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,4, Br4)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,5, Br5)
  endm
  BAM_INIT  BAM_LIST                ; Initialize the Pins
ENDASM

;----[Setup Blinky parameters]-----------------------------------
DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100                ; 10mS periods
LEDcount    CON 5                    ; Number of LEDs on the PORT
OnTimes     DATA  50, 22, 38,75, 5   ; default periods for each Output
OffTimes    DATA 150, 45, 38,95,34
Brightness  DATA 150,150,150,80,80

#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE     ; comment for contiuous Sequence

#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE

    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 50                  ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 500                 ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 50                  ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 500                 ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 1750, WORD 2000
#ENDIF


;----[Variables used only by Blinky]-----------------------------
LoopLED    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OnTime     VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OffTime    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
x          VAR BYTE

;----[Initialize]------------------------------------------------
FOR x = 0 to LEDcount - 1         ; load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE

        READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
    #ENDIF

NEXT X


;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, Bright(x)
    ELSE
        Bright(x) = 0
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE

        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

And yes, I posted a MIBAM version 1.1 several years ago ... but it seems to be gone, or I just can't find it..
Here's the latest version.

**RossWaddell** · - 28th March 2014, 13:56

I must sound like a broken record, but thanks again Darrel. I greatly appreciate you taking the time to help me with my project.

**RossWaddell** · - 29th March 2014, 14:58

As the purpose of this project is to create 5 blinking LEDs that simulate old 1960's Christmas tree lights, I've added the following code to fade in/out the LED:

Code:

IsOn       VAR BYTE[LEDCount]
i          VAR BYTE

FOR x = 0 to (LEDCount - 1)         ; set initial LED state to OFF
    IsOn(x) = 0
NEXT x

;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        IF IsOn(x) = 1 THEN
           READ Brightness + x, Bright(x)
        ELSE
           IsOn(x) = 1
           ; Fade up LED to set brightness
           FOR i = 0 to Bright(x) Step 1
               Bright(x) = i
               PAUSE 20
           NEXT i
        ENDIF
    ELSE
        IF IsOn(x) = 1 THEN
           IsOn(x) = 0
           ; Fade out LED
           FOR i = Bright(x) to 0 Step -1
               Bright(x) = i
               PAUSE 20
           NEXT i
        ELSE
           Bright(x) = 0
        ENDIF
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

I'll program a 12F683 this afternoon and see what it looks like.

**RossWaddell** · - 29th March 2014, 15:49

I should've known - the PAUSE command will interfere with the on/off timings. I'll try a lower PAUSE value but then the 'ramping up/down' effect I'm trying to achieve won't really be visible.

**Darrel Taylor** · - 29th March 2014, 16:09

The timing of the program is done by counting 10mS periods.
So the entire loop can't take more than 10mS.

When the LED is supposed to be ON, just add a certain amount to the dutycycle each time through the loop until it reaches the set maximum.
The amount you add will determine the speed of the fade.

Subtract some when it is supposed to be OFF, until it reaches 0 or underflows.

Don't add any pauses.

**RossWaddell** · - 29th March 2014, 21:48

Do you mean something like this (I'm sure there's more elegant code, but ...):

Code:

temp  VAR  WORD

;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, temp
        IF Bright(x) < temp THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) + 2
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = temp
        ENDIF
    ELSE
        IF Bright(x) > 0 THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) - 2
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = 0
        ENDIF
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

**Darrel Taylor** · - 29th March 2014, 23:09

That's Perfect!!

May take more than 2 for the Speed, but well done!

**Darrel Taylor** · - 29th March 2014, 23:15

In preparation for the next step I had written this almost identical code.
There are a few differences that might be of benefit.

Code:

MaxBright      VAR BYTE
FadeSpeed      CON 20

;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, MaxBright
        IF Bright(x) <= (MaxBright - FadeSpeed) THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) + FadeSpeed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = Maxbright
        ENDIF
    ELSE
        IF Bright(x) >= FadeSpeed THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) - FadeSpeed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = 0
        ENDIF
    ENDIF

**RossWaddell** · - 30th March 2014, 18:03

Looks like 6 is the magic number.

**RossWaddell** · - 18th July 2015, 02:09

(If this is bad etiquette to re-open a 1-yr old thread then I'll start a new one)

Well, what was working (I think) last year isn't this year as I prepare to move this to production with a SMT version of the 12F683. The blinking still works but the brightness control doesn't - no matter what the values are for Brightness all 5 LEDs appear to not change (they're still way too bright).

Code:

'****************************************************************
'*  Name    : Nacelle_Blinking_Lights_12F683_8Mhz_Int.pbp       *
'*  Author  : Ross A. Waddell                                   *
'*  Notice  : Copyright (c) 2015                                *
'*          : All Rights Reserved                               *
'*  Date    : 06/30/2015                                        *
'*  Version : 3.0                                               *
'*  Notes   : Blinking nacelle engine lights (TOS Enterprise)   *
'*                                                              *
'****************************************************************


' Nacelle engine lights
' =====================
' (a) The colours used were: red, blue, green, amber and pink, all standard 
'     colours they had for common Christmas lights of the time. 
' (b) They were all C7 Christmas lights (too big for a 1/350). 12 by my guess.
' (c) Amber was steady (5 in a star pattern), all the rest blinked. 


' For production version of this code, update config fuses to 
' enable code protect (CP_ON)

' Basic blinky code provided by Darrel Taylor
' See forum posting here:
' http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=17299&p=116934#post116934

' ***************************************************************
' Pin Connections
' ***************************************************************

' GP5    -> pin 2             -> R4 -> BL4
' GP4    -> pin 3             -> R5 -> BL5
' GP3    -> pin 4             -> MCLR (input only, 'dummy' BL6)
' GP2    -> pin 5             -> R1 -> BL1
' GP1    -> pin 6             -> R2 -> BL2
' GP0    -> pin 7             -> R3 -> BL3

' ***************************************************************
' Initialization
' ***************************************************************

' If not using the MCLR pin as in input, there is no need to add an external resistor to tie it
' to VDD if the PIC has an internal pull-up. See http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/archive/index.php/t-872.html

' MCLR=OFF means that MCLR is handled INTERNALLY and that pin can be used for I/O (Input actually). 
' Whatever you do to the pin in this instance will have no bearing on the PIC running or not. It will 
' be just another INPUT pin. You could leave it floating if it was unused.


#CONFIG
  __config  _INTOSCIO & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_OFF & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF & _BOD_ON & _IESO_OFF & _FCMEN_OFF
#ENDCONFIG


DEFINE OSC 8

OSCCON     = %01110000     ; 8MHz internal osc
ANSEL      = 0             ; All Digital
CMCON0     = 7
TRISIO     = 0             ; all OUTPUT
OPTION_REG = %00000110     ; Timer0 prescaler 1:128

TMR0IF   VAR INTCON.2      ; Timer0 Overflow bit

;----[ MIBAM Setup ]---------------------------------------------
wsave       var byte    $70     SYSTEM  ' Alternate save location for W
ssave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for STATUS register
psave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for PCLATH register

BAM_COUNT CON 5                     ; How many BAM Pins are used?

;DEFINE BAM_INFO 1
INCLUDE "MIBAM.pbp"                 ; Mirror Image BAM module

Bright  VAR BYTE[BAM_COUNT]
Br0     VAR Bright[0]
Br1     VAR Bright[1]
Br2     VAR Bright[2]
Br4     VAR Bright[3]
Br5     VAR Bright[4]

ASM
BAM_LIST  macro                     ; Define PIN's to use for BAM
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,0, Br0)          ;   and the associated Duty variables
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,1, Br1)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,2, Br2)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,4, Br4)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,5, Br5)
  endm
  BAM_INIT  BAM_LIST                ; Initialize the Pins
ENDASM

;----[Setup Blinky parameters]-----------------------------------
DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100                ; 10mS periods

LEDcount    CON 5                    ; Number of LEDs on the PORT

;                BL3,BL2,BL1,BL5,BL4 ; PCB indicators
OnTimes     DATA  50, 22, 50, 75, 17 ; default periods for each Output
OffTimes    DATA 150, 45, 50, 95, 22

; Blinky on/off info from older code
; ====================================
'                 BL3,BL2,BL1,BL5,BL4
;OnTimes     DATA  50 ,22 ,50 ,75 ,17; default "on" periods for each output
;OffTimes    DATA 150 ,45 ,50 ,95 ,22; default "off" periods for each output
;#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE            ; randomization
;    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
;    MIN_ON  CON 220                   ; Minimum random ON time
;    MAX_ON  CON 333                   ; Maximum random ON time
;    MIN_OFF CON 33                    ; Minimum random OFF time
;    MAX_OFF CON 275                   ; Maximum random OFF time
;    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
;    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 1750, WORD 2000
;#ENDIF

; Adjust values below for the 5 blinkies re: brightness
Brightness  DATA 5,5,5,5,5

#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE         ; comment for contiuous Sequence

#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 50                  ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 500                 ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 50                  ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 500                 ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 1750, WORD 2000
#ENDIF

;----[Variables used only by Blinky]-----------------------------
LoopLED    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OnTime     VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OffTime    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
x          VAR BYTE
temp       VAR WORD
speed      CON 6

;----[Initialize]------------------------------------------------
FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount - 1)         ; load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;----[Main Program Loop]-----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, temp
        IF Bright(x) < temp THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) + speed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = temp
        ENDIF
    ELSE
        IF Bright(x) > 0 THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) - speed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = 0
        ENDIF
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

As you can see, I haven't implemented Darrel's most recent suggestion (probably because a year ago this was working OK).

Any ideas?

**RossWaddell** · - 18th July 2015, 16:18

Went back through my versioning of the code and found that the previous one works just fine - I must've made some tweaks in v3 that screwed things up. I'll need to go through them line-by-line to see where the discrepancy is (if only for my own benefit).

Here's the working code:

Code:

'****************************************************************
'*  Name    : Nacelle_Blinking_Lights_12F683_8Mhz_Int.pbp       *
'*  Author  : Ross A. Waddell                                   *
'*  Notice  : Copyright (c) 2014                                *
'*          : All Rights Reserved                               *
'*  Date    : 03/25/2014                                        *
'*  Version : 2.0                                               *
'*  Notes   : Blinking nacelle engine lights (TOS Enterprise)   *
'*          :                                                   *
'****************************************************************


' Nacelle engine lights
' =====================
' (a) The colours used were: red, blue, green, amber and pink, all standard colours 
'     they had for common Christmas lights of the time. 
' (b) They were all Christmas lights (C7, too big for a 1/350). 12 by my guess.
' (c) Amber was steady (5 in a star pattern), all the rest blinked. 


' For production version of this code, update config fuses to 
' enable code protect (CP_ON)

' Basic blinky code provided by Darrel Taylor
' See forum posting here:
' http://www.picbasic.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=17299&p=116934#post116934

' ***************************************************************
' Pin Connections
' ***************************************************************

' GP5    -> pin 2             -> R4 -> BL4
' GP4    -> pin 3             -> R5 -> BL5
' GP3    -> pin 4             -> MCLR (input only, 'dummy' BL6)
' GP2    -> pin 5             -> R1 -> BL1
' GP1    -> pin 6             -> R2 -> BL2
' GP0    -> pin 7             -> R3 -> BL3

' ***************************************************************
' Initialization
' ***************************************************************

#CONFIG
  __config  _INTOSCIO & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_OFF & _CP_OFF & _CPD_OFF & _BOD_ON & _IESO_OFF & _FCMEN_OFF
#ENDCONFIG


DEFINE OSC 8

OSCCON     = %01110000     ; 8MHz internal osc
ANSEL      = 0             ; All Digital
CMCON0     = 7
TRISIO     = 0             ; all OUTPUT
OPTION_REG = %00000110     ; Timer0 prescaler 1:128

TMR0IF   VAR INTCON.2      ; Timer0 Overflow bit

;----[ MIBAM Setup ]--------------------------------------------------------
wsave       var byte    $70     SYSTEM  ' Alternate save location for W
ssave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for STATUS register
psave       VAR BYTE    BANK0   SYSTEM  ' location for PCLATH register

BAM_COUNT CON 5                     ; How many BAM Pins are used?

;DEFINE BAM_INFO 1
INCLUDE "MIBAM.pbp"                 ; Mirror Image BAM module

Bright  VAR BYTE[BAM_COUNT]
Br0     VAR Bright[0]
Br1     VAR Bright[1]
Br2     VAR Bright[2]
Br4     VAR Bright[3]
Br5     VAR Bright[4]

ASM
BAM_LIST  macro                     ; Define PIN's to use for BAM
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,0, Br0)          ;   and the associated Duty variables
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,1, Br1)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,2, Br2)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,4, Br4)
     BAM_PIN (GPIO,5, Br5)
  endm
  BAM_INIT  BAM_LIST                ; Initialize the Pins
ENDASM

;----[Setup Blinky parameters]-----------------------------------
DEFINE BLINKYFREQ 100                ; 10mS periods
LEDcount    CON 5                    ; Number of LEDs on the PORT

;                BL3,BL2,BL1,BL5,BL4 ; PCB indicators
OnTimes     DATA  50, 22, 38, 75,  5 ; default periods for each Output
OffTimes    DATA 150, 45, 38, 95, 34
Brightness  DATA 255,10,10, 10, 255

#DEFINE USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE          ; comment for contiuous Sequence

#IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
    RND     VAR WORD : RND = 13864
    MIN_ON  CON 50                  ; Minimum random ON time
    MAX_ON  CON 500                 ; Maximum random ON time
    MIN_OFF CON 50                  ; Minimum random OFF time
    MAX_OFF CON 500                 ; Maximum random OFF time
    RandPeriod VAR WORD[LEDcount]
    RandPeriods DATA WORD 1000, WORD 1250, WORD 1500, WORD 1750, WORD 2000
#ENDIF


;----[Variables used only by Blinky]-----------------------------
LoopLED    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OnTime     VAR WORD[LEDcount]
OffTime    VAR WORD[LEDcount]
x          VAR BYTE

;----[Initialize]------------------------------------------------
FOR x = 0 to LEDcount - 1         ; load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;----[Main Program Loop]----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, Bright(x)
    ELSE
        Bright(x) = 0
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

**RossWaddell** · - 18th July 2015, 16:56

After going through the two different versions I remembered that the last thing I wanted to implement was varying the brightness of each LED to ramp up/off to the set BRIGHTNESS level. This would simulate incandescent bulbs by 'fading' up the LED (and also fade off).

This is the suspect code:

Code:

temp       VAR WORD
speed      CON 6

;----[Initialize]------------------------------------------------
FOR x = 0 to (LEDcount - 1)         ; load the periods from EEPROM
    READ OnTimes+x, OnTime(x)
    READ OffTimes+x, OffTime(x)
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
    #ENDIF
NEXT X

;----[Main Program Loop]-----------------------------------------
Main:
    x = (x + 1) // LEDcount
    IF LoopLED(x) < OnTime(x) THEN
        READ Brightness + x, temp
        IF Bright(x) < temp THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) + speed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = temp
        ENDIF
    ELSE
        IF Bright(x) > 0 THEN
            Bright(x) = Bright(x) - speed
        ELSE
            Bright(x) = 0
        ENDIF
    ENDIF
    LoopLED(x) = (LoopLED(x) + 1) // (OnTime(x) + OffTime(x))
    #IFDEF USE_RANDOM_SEQUENCE
        RandPeriod(x) = RandPeriod(x) - 1
        IF RandPeriod(x) = 0 THEN
            READ RandPeriods+(x<<1), WORD RandPeriod(x)
            RANDOM RND
            OnTime(x) = (MAX_ON - MIN_ON)* RND.HighByte / 255 + MIN_ON
            OffTime(x)= (MAX_OFF - MIN_OFF)* RND.LowByte / 255 + MIN_OFF
        ENDIF
    #ENDIF

    IF x != (LEDcount - 1) THEN Main

Waiting: IF !TMR0IF THEN Waiting
    TMR0 = 99
    TMR0IF = 0
GOTO Main

Thread: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

Re: Single PIC to Blink 5 LEDs Independently?

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