I have done exactly what you describe.
I used 3 opto-isolators. Each opto had a diode in series and another diode across the LEDs so that they can't possibly get reverse-biased.
I used a 15K 1W resistor in series for current limiting. It "looks" only at the positive half-cycles. The output of the phototransistor is close to a square wave, and is - of course, totally isolated. It works fine at both 110V and 230V.
I can give you more details if you are interested in pursuing this approach.
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