Math Problem

[rwskinner]

IP was nothing more than a reference number to lookup 12% on a table. The actual .12 is the number used to calculate Lambda.

This information, examples, and formula is from Page 10 of the Bosch LSU4 Datasheet.

[eoasap]

Ionnas is right, you need to use 0.12 for your 12 percent.
The reason is in the definition of 'percent'. for example,
50% is 50 out of 100, which is 50/100 which is 1/2. 12% is
12 out of 100 --> 12/100 = 0.12
one hundred percent would be just 1.00
one hundred and fifty percent would be 1.50

assuming you haven't gotten this on your calculator yet,
i took it step by step so you can see the order of operations.
hope it helps!

Lambda = (Xo2 / 3 + 1) / ( 1 - 4.76 * Xo2) (given equation)
= (0.12/3 + 1) / (1 - 4.76 * 0.12) (equation with values put in)
(perform division and multiplication inside parenthesis first)
= (0.04 + 1) / (1 - 0.5712)
(perform addition within parenthesis next)
= (1.04) / (0.4288)
(perform division of parenthesis last)
= 2.4253731

any modern calculator should be able to perform this if you enter it exactly
as it is written. it knows the order of operations and applys them.

(Xo2 / 3 + 1) / ( 1 - 4.76 * Xo2)
on your calculator do this:
( 0.12/3 + 1 ) / ( 1 - 4.76 *0.12 )

however, if you screw up the parenthesis, it'll give you wrong answer