Well, I took some more time to investigate this issue - I even set-up high speed camera to record my screen, to capture the moment when this error happens. And here are the results.
In most cases, this error happens when you just finish typing in the statement, and it should change it's color to blue. Or the crash occurs when you start typing after the statement become blue.
On my old machine - i3-9100F/16GB/RX550 this was not happening. So, for testing purposes, I installed a new SSD on it, did clean install and tested again - no problems found.
Configuration of new PC is as follows: i3-12100F/16GB/RX6500XT. So since that error was happening when text changes color, I thought that graphics card might be messing up, so I installed that RX6500XT into my old machine and there are no errors, so graphics card is excluded. The only major difference between my PCs are that the new one has new office and visual studio installed too. So maybe they install some dotnetfx or something like that, which messes up PBP.
I've got another SSD, and will do clean install on the "new" pc, to ensure that everything is ok.