>> "but i didn't found an in detail description what they do and can make exactly. does anyone know a good source?"

Yes, it's called the Datasheet.

>> "there is thread from melanie..."

If you read it, it tells you all you need to know... and even tells you where in the Datasheet to look.

Section 1. What are the Configuration Fuses?
Section 3. Where can I find a List of the Configuration Definitions?

>> "i have the pbp manual as well as two books : Programming PIC Microcontrollers With PICBASIC (Hellebuyck) and Physical Computing (o'Sullivan/Igoe) which have no explanation to config fuses"

You should detail your complaints to the respective authors. Just shows this forum is more informative!