PIC with Automatic Context Saving

[Dick Ivers]

'****************************************************************
'*  Name    : Test RDT Interrupt for one-time use                   
'*  Author  : Dick Ivers                                                         
'*  Notice  : Copyright (c) 2011                                             
'*          : All Rights Reserved                                              
'*  Date    : 1/30/2011                                                         
'*  Version : 1.0                                                                   
'*  Notes   : 112 words                                                         
'*  Device  : 16F1828                                                           
'****************************************************************
'set configurat1on
@  __config _CONFIG1, _FOSC_HS & _MCLRE_ON & _CLKOUTEN_OFF & _WDTE_ON
@  __config _CONFIG2, _PLLEN_OFF & _LVP_OFF

'set registers
    ANSELA = 0           'all digital inputs
    ANSELB = 0           'all digital inputs
    ANSELC = 0           'all digital inputs
    OPTION_REG.7 = 0     'global pullups enabled
    CM1CON0.7 = 0        'comparator1 off
    CM2CON0.7 = 0        'comparator2 off
    TRISA = %110         'set porta pin 0 as output
    TRISB = %11111111    'set all portb pins as inputs
    TRISC = %11000000    'set portc pins 0,1,2,3,4,5 as output
    WPUA = %110          'porta pins 1,2 pullups enabled 
    WPUB = %11110000     'portb pin pullups enabled

    INTCON = %10001000   'global int enabled, IOCI enabled, IOCI flag bit 0 clr
    IOCAF.1 = 0          'flag bit for porta int pin 1 cleared
    IOCAN = %00000010    'porta pin 1 enabled for negative change


    DEFINE OSC 16         '16 Mhz oscillator
    DEFINE INTHAND RDT

    portc.3 = 1           'turn off beeper

'declare variables
    LED VAR PORTC.5
    j   var byte 
     
    LED = 0      'flash red LED for 0.5 sec to check circuit function
    pause 500
    LED = 1
    
    pause 2000    'delay 2 seconds    

Main:
  gosub beep            'play beep for 1/8 second
  PAUSE 1000            '1 second delay
  GOTO Main

ASM
RDT                     
  BCF   IOCAF,IOCAF1   ;clear IOCA negative change interrupt flag
  BCF   INTCON,3       ;disable interrupt on change by clearing INTCON bit 3
  BCF   PORTC,5        ;turn on led solid 
  RETFIE               ;return to main
ENDASM
 
beep:   for j =1 to 240      'buzzer sound for 1/8 second
        portc.3 = 0          'buzzer on
        pauseus 180          '2.73 khz half period
        portc.3 = 1          'buzzer off
        pauseus 180          '2.73 khz half period
        next 
        return

halt:   END

[HankMcSpank]

Forgive me for digging up an old thread, but this really interests me.

I've also a stash of 16f1828s and the auto context register saving intrigues/appeals to me ... my ultimate goal is getting in/out of a timer based interrupt as fast as possible - ie miniscule overhead (the interrupt rate will be happening at about 50khz)....the thought of learning assembly is quite a hurdle, but this seems like this could be a way of easing myself into it...ie my main code can be picbasic with the interrupt being a little bit of assembly.

But I'm lost!

How do I set up an interupt, so that when say timer1 overflows it jumps to an assembly type interrupt in my code (all my interrupts to date have been using DT's most excellent interupt routine, but if I'm understanding correctly that way adds some overhead which could be avoided with these new type PICs?)...in the example above it wasn't clear to me how that ASM part was called/found by the PIC/program.

[mister_e]

You define your interrupt type on the top, you may have many interrupt source, but once in the ISR you need to test them.

Once an interrupt is fired, it will jump the the ISR label specified by the DEFINE INTHAND line. Here RDT

[HankMcSpank]

Thanks, funny now you mention it, it's there I just didn't leap out at me...

DEFINE INTHAND RDT

but there's no colon after the nominated handle/label at the top of the subroutine?

ASM
RDT                     
  BCF   IOCAF,IOCAF1   ;clear IOCA negative change interrupt flag
  BCF   INTCON,3       ;disable interrupt on change by clearing INTCON bit 3
  BCF   PORTC,5        ;turn on led solid 
  RETFIE               ;return to main
ENDASM

also, I'm figuring it must be necessary to have that 'ASM' entered immediately above?

thanks again looking forward to having a a dabble

[mister_e]

never mind, Thanks Darrel

[Darrel Taylor]

DT_INTS-14 uses the auto context saving in the 16F1's.

Since you already know how to use them, try them first.
There are still a few instruction cycles that can be saved by doing it manually, but you probably won't need to.
Just use an ASM type INT_Handler. They do not have to save PBP system variables.

50Khz should be no problem.

[HankMcSpank]

Thanks Darrel.

my fixation is that I want to generate sine waves to very high resolution (DDS) - and all the stuff that abounds on the net seems to be assembly....they all typically generate a fixed timebase by way of an interupt & then in the interupt add a number to an accumulator, do a look up from the result then get out asap. I agree that 50khz is not that onerous...but this is just the first step to total world domination (Mwuahahahaha.) & the interrupt rate will inevitably crank up.

Towards helping me understand this area, (actually I'm just curious) when you say there are still a few cycles that can be saved by going the way I asked about ....do you have a ballpark figure for the auto context saving and your (still excellent!) auto context embracing routine?

[Darrel Taylor]

Well, if you're only going to be using 1 interupt source, it will be better without DT_INTS since you don't need to test for which interrupt was triggered.

I just did a quick test with an incrementing variable and a SIN lookup with an 1827 running at 32Mhz.

With DT_INTS ... max = 140Khz
Without ... max = 220Khz

With 2 interrupt sources the difference is not as pronounced since it has to check which one triggered and jump over the handler that wasn't. DT_INTS always does that.

The PWM will have to be running much faster than the interrupts or it will be changing dutycycles before a single cycle has completed. Could be trickey.

[HankMcSpank]

Cool (& thanks) ....as it goes I will need two interrupts, one to generate the timebase, plus one UART interrupt, so I can feed in required frequency changes externally.

I will really only need up to 18khz(ish), so your quoted 140khz max is well above what I need....so I'll stick with DT_INTS!

As an aside, for anyone who holds an interest in DDS for PIC, the best I've found to date is this chap's site....

http://www.g4jnt.com/pics.htm (specifically, this http://www.g4jnt.com/PIC_DDS.pdf and his accompanying zip file http://www.g4jnt.com/PIC_DDS.zip which has his assembly source code for a 16f628 DDS ....it'll probably a while before I get to try my DDS exploits, becuase I'm still trying to wrap my head around how he made a pseudo 32 bit accumulator on a 16f628 by lobbing together four 8 bit registers & then making them dance)

I can feel a serious amount of plagiarism coming on though!