Welcome to the forum reik6149. You can run multiple interrupts at the same time, making it appear as the chip is doing multiple things at once.

The easiest way to get started in interrupts, is to use DT_INTS or instant interrupts. This is an include file that simplifies the use of interrupts. It can be found here: http://darreltaylor.com/DT_INTS-14/intro.html
You will notice a hello world, a blinky, and an elapsed timer. And also a combine all three. This is similar to what you are doing. Get comfortable setting all three of these, then see if you can figure out what you want your project to do.