INDEX and A through E are bytes. All five pins are on the same port.
Not sure if it's PWM or not. But at the end of the interrupt handler, all pins are reset to 0. Values A through E each represent a proportion of SOMETHING. If A through E were equal, all five pins would need to turn on as nearly as possible at the same instant.
The interrupt (INT_INT) is being driven by a zero-crossing detector at 60 Hz (120 interrupts/second).
Guess it <i>is</i> PWM, period 120 Hz, and I'm varying the duty cycle on each pin.
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