1. Any PIC that can generate 38-40kHz should work.
2. You can control the duration of both the bursts and the idle time between bursts.
3. There are several methods used. You should Google for NEC, Sony, & Philips IR protocols. This will give you a good introduction to the most common protocols. If you want to get a bit more sophisticated, you can have multiple durations for both bursts and idle spaces. With 5 possibilities for each you can encode an enormous amount of data. For example, if you let ABCDE represent 5 burst times and abcde represent 5 idle times, you have a 10 letter alphabet to play with. However, the more complex the message, the more horsepower you need at the receiver.
EDIT: Here's a website with many of the most used protocols.
Bookmarks