Well, I wouldn't think it's a problem.
Right after the IF block that statement is in, Melanie put a ...
CounterA=CounterA+1
So if CounterA = 1, subtracting 2 makes it 255, then adding 1 makes it 0 again.
Had you made any other changes?
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Yes, a second one, but more for cleaning the code, since it didn't effect functionality:Quote:
Had you made any other changes?
Has been cleaned with:Code:RawData(CounterA+1+0) = RawData(CounterA) ^ RawData(CounterA+1)
Code:RawData(CounterA+1) = RawData(CounterA) ^ RawData(CounterA+1)
But the above make sense, I do better check the whole system again.Quote:
Well, I wouldn't think it's a problem.
Right after the IF block that statement is in, Melanie put a ...
CounterA=CounterA+1
So if CounterA = 1, subtracting 2 makes it 255, then adding 1 makes it 0 again
Thank you Darrel.
Al.
WOW, must be a good day!
I remembered Melanie had a comment on sorting out changing inputs, but I couldn't find my bookmark for it. I went to the main forum page and there it was on the right column!
Whew! someone must be looking out for me....
My situation involves reading WORD sized data every 30ms (with quite a few spurious readings) and controlling a PWM output with somewhere near a 2-3 second response to drive some mechanicals that require slow reaction. I have been trying to mold Darrel's DT_Average16 routine to make it work, but with little success in this application.
Can someone elaborate a bit on feeding fresh data into this sort and trimming the top and bottom readings? I don't understand how to run this with a continuous data stream without blowing up the sort.
Thanks
Bo
Here is what I have come up with so far.....
it is getting closer.
Derived from Malanie's suggestion about parsing data and DT's averaging scheme * PIC18F2525 @ 8 MHz
Code:ByteData var byte
CounterA var word ' sort counter
CounterB var byte
CounterC var byte
DataA var word ' storage for sorted values
DatSort var byte ' pointer to middle 8 values
DatAvg var word ' averaged value of sorted data
RawData var word[16] ' storage for raw data
Clear
AvgCount CON 8 ' = Number of samples to average
FAspread CON 1000 ' = Fast Average threshold +/-
INCLUDE "AllDigital.pbp"
DEFINE OSC 8
OSCCON = %01110000
DEFINE HSER_RCSTA 90h ' Enable serial port & continuous receive
DEFINE HSER_TXSTA 24h ' Enable transmit, BRGH = 1
DEFINE HSER_CLROERR 1 ' Clear overflow automatically
DEFINE HSER_SPBRG 34 ' 57600 Baud @ 8MHz, -0.79%
SPBRGH = 0
BAUDCON.3 = 1 ' Enable 16 bit baudrate generator
hserout["SortAverage",10,13]
pause 500
goto Start
'Sort Array SUB ** collects 16 readings, sorts, and averages middle 8 ******
SortArray:
CounterA=0
SortLoop: ' sorts 16 readings of RawData in order
If RawData(CounterA+1) < RawData(CounterA) then
DataA=RawData(CounterA)
RawData(CounterA)=RawData(CounterA+1)
RawData(CounterA+1+0)=DataA
If CounterA > 0 then CounterA=CounterA-2
endif
CounterA=CounterA+1
If CounterA < 15 then goto SortLoop
' for CounterC = 0 to 15 ' These three lines O/P the sort results
' hserout["Ordered[",dec CounterC,"]= ", dec RawData[CounterC],10,13]
' next CounterC
'**** Trim and Average ***************************************************
for DatSort = 4 to 11 ' pick out middle 8 readings
IF ABS (DatAvg - RawData[DatSort]) > FAspread Then CatchUp
IF ABS (DatAvg - RawData[DatSort]) < AvgCount Then RealClose
DatAvg = DatAvg - (DatAvg/AvgCount)
DatAvg = DatAvg + (RawData[DatSort]/AvgCount)
GoTo AVGok
CatchUp:
DatAvg = DatAvg + (RawData[DatSort]/8) ' catch-up by 1/8 value of reading
GoTo AVGok
RealClose:
DatAvg = DatAvg - (RawData[DatSort]/(AvgCount/4))
DatAvg = DatAvg + (DatAvg/(AvgCount/4))
AVGok:
' hserout["Middle[",dec datsort,"] = ",dec RawData[DatSort],10,13] 'SHOW mid 8
next DatSort
Return
'** END SUB************************
Start:
FOR CounterB=0 to 15
HSERIN [RawData[CounterB]]
NEXT CounterB
FOR CounterB=0 to 15
HSEROUT["RawData[",DEC counterB,"] = ",DEC rawdata[CounterB],10,13]
NEXT CounterB
CALL SortArray
HSEROUT ["Sorted Averaged result ",dec DatAvg,10,13]
GOTO start
You can short and semplify your averaging routine with the above example. DatAvg sums up the 8 central values then you devide by 8 for the average.Code:
for DatSort = 4 to 11 ' pick out middle 8 readings
DatAvg = DatAvg + RawData[DatSort]
NEXT DatSort
DatAvg = DatAvg >>3
Return
Al.
Hi Al. Thanks for looking at it.
I like the way you simplified, but my concern was that since I will be working with WORD data, the result of the addition could get big enough that I would have to use LONGs if I didn't use DT's running average scheme.
So far, I have only tested it with byte data, and it does seem to settle slowly on something close to average. I need to try WORD data and see how that works.
Bo
Using a 10 bits adc, the maximun number you can obtain is 1023. Now summing up 8 readings of 1023 each, you will end up with your word variable at 8184 (overflow will occur at 65K)Quote:
... but my concern was that since I will be working with WORD data, the result of the addition could get big enough that I would have to use LONGs...
Since you are using adc , you have to removefrom your code.Code:INCLUDE "AllDigital.pbp"
Al.
Hi Al,
Thanks for engaging in this thread. Sometimes when one posts and gets no response, you begin to worry if your question is so off the wall that no one is interested.
The values that I'm working with are actually timer values that are WORD sized. The ultimate result is measuring ultrasonic pulse return to calculate distance. In the real program, I'm using a comparator interrupt to grab of the values. That one uses the analog, but here I'm just trying to sort out the averaging scheme.
The response needs to be smoothed considerably due to the high instance of random response of the ultrasonics. The values go on to determine the PWM output that drive a servo valve that controls some heavy hydraulics that can't tolerate quick movement. The response time needs to be in the 2-3 second range with smooth changes to work well. Since the values are 0-65535, and readings every 30mS, I'm trying to use Melanie's suggestions to dump the extremes, and DT's averaging to get away from LONGs and 32 bit math.
Current testing is with a second PIC generating the return pulse timing to separate the circuit from the program so that I can find the weakness. I'm trying to send a serial in to simulate the echo numbers. The next step is to convert the RX bytes into WORDS and see if the program works correctly.
Back to Burn and Turn
Bo
Hi Bo,
clear now. One workaround for not using long and still average them in the conventional way is the following:
You addup in RawData[0] all the differences , then you average them and finally you add them to the RawData[3], the subtractor.Code:RawData[0] = 0
for DatSort = 4 to 11 ' pick out middle 8 readings
RawData[0] = RawData[0] + (RawData[DatSort] - RawData[3]) ' extract the total difference
NEXT DatSort
RawData[0] = RawData[0] >>3 ' average the total difference
DatAvg = RawData[0] + RawData[3] ' add the average difference to the subtractor
Return
Al.
Al, I'm confused..... Where does RawData[3] come from and whats in it?
Dave Purola,
N8NTA
Dave, RawData array will contain the 16 readings you have taken from your system (ADC ; counter; etc.) . Once you apply Miss Melanie's sorting algorithm you will end up with your 16 values ordered in ascending order RawData[0] will contain the smallest reading while RawData[15] will contain the largest one.Quote:
Al, I'm confused..... Where does RawData[3] come from and whats in it?
The suggested technique is to discard the first 4 readings and the last 4 readings and average the central 8 reading, in such a way you will not enter into your average calculation anomalous reading (spikes for instance).
The Boroko issue was that since he is using the 16 bits counter, he was concerned in averaging the 8 raw data in the coventional way, due to the fact that a word will overflow over 65k and he didn't want to use long type variable.
This method, I have proposed, simply extract the differences from the 8 central values, which can be handled with a single word variable. Once the differences are extracted and summed up into RawData[0] (which is available because its content has been discarded) then you calculate the average shifting the bits with this instruction RawData[0] = RawData[0]>>3
Now if you add this average to the subtractor used (in our case RawData[3]) all you get is the data average.
Naturally the code snippet should be called after a call to the sorting routine.
Hoping to have clear the matter.
Al.
Hi folks,
Well, another learning moment! For the past week or so, I have been working on the previously mentioned sorting algorithm. I have been peeking in on the forum, but saw Al's name as the last one that replied so I didn't open it. Of course, I missed that there were actually 2 replies and that masked that there had been activity.
Thanks for the suggestion. I will study it and see how long it takes me to understand it.
In the mean time, this is where I have been churning. Puzzles me greatly, because it doesn't give anything near what I think it should.Here is a RealTerm screen of the outputCode:'* : 18F1330 *
'****************************************************************
DEFINE OSC 32
OSCCON = %11111100 ' INTOSC primary, 8MHz
OSCTUNE = %11111111 ' ENABLE 4x PLL = 32mHz
DEFINE HSER_RCSTA 90h ' Enable serial port & continuous receive
DEFINE HSER_TXSTA 24h ' Enable transmit, BRGH = 1
DEFINE HSER_CLROERR 1 ' Clear overflow automatically
DEFINE HSER_SPBRG 138 ' 57600 Baud @ 32MHz, -0.08%
SPBRGH = 0
BAUDCON.3 = 1 ' Enable 16 bit baudrate generator
DataA var WORD
RawData var WORD [16] 'full program uses 16 and strips top
DatAvg var byte ' and bottom readings
DatSort var byte '
DatCnt var byte ' count the 16 data entries
AvgCount con 8 ' number of readings to average (1/x)
DatAvg = 2500 ' seed number to start averaging
RawData[4]= 20000 ' this data represents 8 different
RawData[5]= 21000 ' readings that come from a TMR0
RawData[6]= 22000 ' capture that is working. Fixed
RawData[7]= 23000 ' values here for testing
RawData[8]= 24000
RawData[9]= 25000
RawData[10]= 26000
RawData[11]= 27000
pause 2000
'-- Average middle 8 readings ---------------------------------------
Average:
for DatSort = 0 to 7 ' get 8 readings
Hserout["DA=",#DatAvg,", RD",#DatSort,"=",#RawData[DatSort]]
DatAvg = DatAvg - (DatAvg/AvgCount) 'subtract 1/x from Avg
hserout[", 1/x=",#(DatAvg/AvgCount)," DA- = ",#DatAvg]
DatAvg = DatAvg + (RawData[DatSort]/AvgCount) 'add 1/x of new reading
Hserout[", DA+ = ",#DatAvg,13,10]
next DatSort
hserout[13,10]
' hserout[", DA ",#DatAvg,13,10]
goto Average
I can't yet find a pattern or a reason. Maybe its time for a bit of sleep. I will work on it more later.Code:DA=219, RD4=20000, 1/x=24 DA- = 192, DA+ = 132
DA=132, RD5=21000, 1/x=14 DA- = 116, DA+ = 181
DA=181, RD6=22000, 1/x=19 DA- = 159, DA+ = 93
DA=93, RD7=23000, 1/x=10 DA- = 82, DA+ = 141
DA=141, RD8=24000, 1/x=15 DA- = 124, DA+ = 52
DA=52, RD9=25000, 1/x=5 DA- = 46, DA+ = 99
DA=99, RD10=26000, 1/x=10 DA- = 87, DA+ = 9
DA=9, RD11=27000, 1/x=1 DA- = 8, DA+ = 55
DA=55, RD4=20000, 1/x=6 DA- = 49, DA+ = 245
DA=245, RD5=21000, 1/x=26 DA- = 215, DA+ = 24
DA=24, RD6=22000, 1/x=2 DA- = 21, DA+ = 211
DA=211, RD7=23000, 1/x=23 DA- = 185, DA+ = 244
DA=244, RD8=24000, 1/x=26 DA- = 214, DA+ = 142
DA=142, RD9=25000, 1/x=15 DA- = 125, DA+ = 178
DA=178, RD10=26000, 1/x=19 DA- = 156, DA+ = 78
DA=78, RD11=27000, 1/x=8 DA- = 69, DA+ = 116
Thanks
Bo
Hi Al
I had the same question as Dave until I mapped it out. Until I put it into Excel, I couldn't understand how that was going to work. Very cool indeed.
The value in RawData[3] didn't matter, since the values were already sorted, it was lower than RD[4]. All it needed to do was act as a reference for the subtraction and then it was added back in canceling itself. I have no idea how you came up with that, but I'm glad folks like you are willing to teach the rest of us.
The .xls is zipped if anyone would like to see it.
Thanks
Bo
Error found:
The output from the code on post #52 didn't make sense because somewhere I had aliased a word variable to a byte. For some reason, they don't work the same....
Things seem to be going much better now.
Bo